Masjid al-Ḥarām, Fortifications, Muslim pilgrims and pilgrimages
Southwest view inside the Masjid al-Haram of the Kaaba and surrounding structures. The print is likely to have been drawn after a photograph of the... Show moreSouthwest view inside the Masjid al-Haram of the Kaaba and surrounding structures. The print is likely to have been drawn after a photograph of the same view by the Meccan doctor and photographer al-Sayyid ʻAbd al-Ghaffar (active in 1880s) between 1886 and 1887. Mentioned in the image are the Bani Shaybah Gate, the Hijr-Ismail, the building housing the Zamzam well, the stairs of the Kaaba, the Maqam Ibrahim (which is also called the Maqam Shaf'i), the Minbar, the Maqam Hanafi, the Maqam Malik and Maqam Hanbali. Outside the Masjid al-Haram, the front-side of the Hamidiya Palace and the Ajyad Fortress are indicated. Title and date from item. Plate no. 2 in Bilder-Atlas zu Mekka (Haag : Martinus Nijhoff, 1888-1889). The plate is numbered (II) and has printed annotations in German beneath the image (1. Das Thor der Benī Schēbah. 2. Das H̱idjr. 3. Gebäudes Zemzembrunnens. 4 und 5. Treppen zur Ka’bah. 6. Maqām Ibrāhīm (zugleich Maqām ès-Schāfi’ī). 7. Mimbar (Kanzel) 8. Maqām èl-H̱anafī. 9. Maqām èl-Mālikī. 10. Maqām èl-H̱ambalī. 11. Vorderseite der H̱amīdijjah. 12. Die Festung des Djijād.’). Numbers printed within the image refer to locations indicated in a key (in German) below the image. Main Heritage Compact General HC.HP.02074-0002 2-D Graphic Item-ID: i26503128 BIB-ID: 2831240 Show less
Masjid al-Ḥarām, Kaʻbah (Mecca, Saudi Arabia), Muslim pilgrims and pilgrimages, Architecture, Ottoman, Architecture, Ottoman--Mecca (Saudi Arabia)
Street view outside the Hamidiya, a government building constructed by Othman Pasha, General Governor of Hejaz (r. 1882-1886). The subject of this... Show moreStreet view outside the Hamidiya, a government building constructed by Othman Pasha, General Governor of Hejaz (r. 1882-1886). The subject of this photograph is probably the same building identified in the drawing of a view inside the Masjid al-Haram (plate no. 2) as ‘front-side of the Hamidiya Palace’, indicating that the building – and therefore the viewpoint in this photograph – was probably situated south of the Mosque. The photograph was likely taken by the Meccan doctor and photographer al-Sayyid ʻAbd al-Ghaffar (active in 1880s) between 1886 and 1887. Title and date from item. Plate no. 4 in Bilder-Atlas zu Mekka (Haag : Martinus Nijhoff, 1888-1889). The plate is numbered (IV) and titled in German under the print. Main Heritage Compact General HC.HP.02074-0004 2-D Graphic Item-ID: i26503141 BIB-ID: 2831247 Show less
Troupe of 12 seated and standing men, several holding musical instruments. The word ‘tumburah’ refers to the six-stringed harp-like musical... Show moreTroupe of 12 seated and standing men, several holding musical instruments. The word ‘tumburah’ refers to the six-stringed harp-like musical instrument held by the man seated at center. The instrument is adorned with two fans of feathers and is apparently plucked with the fingers. Four other men sit or crouch, holding various drums between their knees. The plate was based on a photograph taken by Snouck Hurgronje in Jeddah between 1884 and 1885. Title and date from item. Plate no. 18 in Bilder-Atlas zu Mekka (Haag : Martinus Nijhoff, 1888-1889). The plate is numbered (XVIII) and titled in German under the image. Main Heritage Compact General HC.HP.02074-0018 2-D Graphic Item-ID: i26515519 BIB-ID: 2831562 Show less
Muslim pilgrims and pilgrimages, Muslim pilgrims and pilgrimages--Indonesia--Portraits, Bugis (Malay people), Bugis (Malay people)--Sulawesi (Indonesia)
Collection of four full-length seated portraits of Muslim pilgrims from the Greater Sunda Islands. The photographs were probably taken by Snouck... Show moreCollection of four full-length seated portraits of Muslim pilgrims from the Greater Sunda Islands. The photographs were probably taken by Snouck Hurgronje in Jeddah between 1884 and 1885. The negatives had hand-work applied. Title and date from item. Plate no. 19 in Bilder-Atlas zu Mekka (Haag : Martinus Nijhoff, 1888-1889). The plate is numbered (XIX) and titled in German under each image. Main Heritage Display General HC.HP.02074-0019 2-D Graphic Item-ID: i2651557x BIB-ID: 2831573 Show less
Muslim pilgrims and pilgrimages, Muslim pilgrims and pilgrimages--vPortraits, People, People--Kabul (Afghanistan), Baghdad (Iraq)
Collection of four full-length seated portraits of Muslim pilgrims from Iraq, Zanzibar and Bahrain and Afghanistan. The photographs were probably... Show moreCollection of four full-length seated portraits of Muslim pilgrims from Iraq, Zanzibar and Bahrain and Afghanistan. The photographs were probably taken in Jedda by Snouck Hurgronje between 1884 and 1885. The negatives had handwork applied. The original background has been substituted completely in one portrait, while in the remaining images the pilgrims are photographed in a courtyard-like space with foliage visible in the background. Title and date from item. Plate no. 20 in Bilder-Atlas zu Mekka (Haag : Martinus Nijhoff, 1888-1889). The plate is numbered (XX) and titled in German under each image. Main Heritage Display General HC.HP.02074-0020 2-D Graphic Item-ID: i26515842 BIB-ID: 2831581 Show less
Muslim pilgrims and pilgrimages, Muslim pilgrims and pilgrimages--Indonesia--Portraits, Sumbawa Island (Indonesia)
Collection of four full-length seated portraits of Muslim pilgrims from the Greater and Smaller Sunda Islands. The photographs were probably taken... Show moreCollection of four full-length seated portraits of Muslim pilgrims from the Greater and Smaller Sunda Islands. The photographs were probably taken by Snouck Hurgronje in Jeddah between 1884 and 1885. The pilgrims are photographed in a courtyard-like space with foliage visible in the background. The negatives had handwork applied. Title and date from item. Plate no. 21 in Bilder-Atlas zu Mekka (Haag : Martinus Nijhoff, 1888-1889).The plate is numbered (XXI) and titled in German under each image. Main Heritage Display General HC.HP.02074-0021 2-D Graphic Item-ID: i26516068 BIB-ID: 2831585 Show less
Muslim pilgrims and prilgrimages, Muslim pilgrims and prilgrimages--ʻArafāt (Saudi Arabia) , Tents, Camps
Photograph showing pilgrims with tents, camels, and livestock gathered at the rest station of Arafat during the Hajj. The photograph was taken the... Show morePhotograph showing pilgrims with tents, camels, and livestock gathered at the rest station of Arafat during the Hajj. The photograph was taken the Meccan doctor and photographer al-Sayyid ʻAbd al-Ghaffar (active in 1880s) between 1886 and 1889. Title from caption list in original portfolio. Date from original item. Plate no. 16 in Bilder aus Mekka (Leiden : E. J. Brill, 1889). The plate is numbered (XVI). Erased Arabic description and signature “Photography by al-Sayyid ʻAbd al-Ghaffar, doctor in Mecca” in the upper and lower part of the print. The negative has handwork applied. Manuscript annotation in Arabic under the print "عَرَفَات" Main Heritage Compact General HC.HP.11014-0010 2-D Graphic Item-ID: i26542493 BIB-ID: 2832259 Show less
Photograph showing the riding camel, commonly known as hajin, of sharif Yahya, son of sharif Ahmad, himself the son of ibn ʻAbd al-Muttalib ibn... Show morePhotograph showing the riding camel, commonly known as hajin, of sharif Yahya, son of sharif Ahmad, himself the son of ibn ʻAbd al-Muttalib ibn Ghalib (1790 - 1886), who served three times as Grand Sharif of Mecca - first in 1827, then 1851 to 1856, and finally from 1880 to 1881). Sharif Yahya is accompanied by a slave and two other sharifs. The photograph was taken in Mecca by the Meccan doctor and photographer al-Sayyid ʻAbd al-Ghaffar (active in 1880s) between 1886 and 1887. Title (partial) from caption list in original portfolio. Date from original item. Plate no. 17 in Bilder aus Mekka (Leiden : E. J. Brill, 1889). The plate is numbered (XVII). Erased Arabic description and signature “Photography by al-Sayyid ʻAbd al-Ghaffar, doctor in Mecca” in the upper and lower part of the print. Title continues "[...] (vergl. über diesen letzten König Mekka's vom alten Schlage, Mekka, Bd. I, S. 166ff, 174ff.) mit einer reich mit Silber gestickten Satteldecke (batāt). Den Zaum hält der Sklave Jah̲ja's; neben diesem steht Jah̲ja selbst im Reiteranzug und links in langen Kleidern zwei Scherife niedrigeren Ranges" ([...] see more about this old king of Mecca, Mekka, Vol. I, page 166 et seq. 174 et seq.) with saddle covers (batāt) that are richly embroidered with silver. The bridle is held by the slave of Yahya; near him Yahya himself is standing in rider outfit, and to the left are two sharifs of lesser rank in long robes.). Manuscript annotations in Arabic under the print "أمير من أمراء العرب أخذت صورته في أحد صحارى الحجاز". Main Heritage Compact General HC.HP.11014-0011 2-D Graphic Item-ID: i26542511 BIB-ID: 2832260 Show less
Islamic marriage customs and rites, Islamic marriage customs and rites--Mecca (Saudi Arabia), Thrones, Chandeliers, Arches, Bridegrooms
Photographs showing a richly ornamented interior scene in the bridal chamber and a bridegroom sitting on the throne. The photographs were taken by... Show morePhotographs showing a richly ornamented interior scene in the bridal chamber and a bridegroom sitting on the throne. The photographs were taken by the Meccan doctor and photographer al-Sayyid ʻAbd al-Ghaffar (active in 1880s) between 1886 and 1889. Title from caption list in original portfolio. Date from original item. Plates no. 18a nd 8b in Bilder aus Mekka (Leiden : E. J. Brill, 1889). Photographs are numbered (XVIIIa and XVIIIb). Caption continues "(vergl. Mekka, Bd. II, S. 167ff.)" (see Mekka, vol. II, p. 167 et seq.). Manuscript annotations in Arabic under and above each print: "داخل الريكة" and "حفلة عرس. الباب الخارجي للريكة والعريس". Main Heritage Compact General HC.HP.11014-0012 2-D Graphic Item-ID: i26542547 BIB-ID: 2832263 Show less
Muslim pilgrims and prilgrimages, Muslim pilgrims and prilgrimages--Saudi Arabia--Photographs
“Pictures from Mecca” is the photographic portfolio published in 1889 by the Dutch orientalist Christiaan Snouck Hurgronje, as an annex to the ... Show more“Pictures from Mecca” is the photographic portfolio published in 1889 by the Dutch orientalist Christiaan Snouck Hurgronje, as an annex to the “Pictorial Atlas of Mecca”, the Atlas accompanying the 1888 2-volume publication “Mecca”. In these texts, he reconstructs the history of the Holy City and on the origins of Islam, early traditions and practices, and the first Islamic communities. The second volume, translated into English in 1931 as “Mecca in the Latter Part of the 19th Century”, contains many details of daily life in Islamic culture and deals with the Indonesian Muslim colony at Mecca. While serving as a lecturer at the University of Leiden between 1880 and 1889, Snouck Hurgronje visited Arabia from 1884 to 1885, stopping at Mecca and he was the first Western to take photographs of the Holy City. From 1890 to 1906 Snouck Hurgronje was professor of Arabic at Batavia, Java, and, as a government adviser, he originated and developed the Dutch colonial policy toward Islam. Though Snouck Hurgronje remained a colonial adviser until 1933, he returned in 1906 to the Netherlands, where he was professor of Arabic and Islamic institutions at the University of Leiden until his death. The volume contains 20 collotype prints pasted onto card and includes a panoramic view of the Holy City, images of places related to the hajj (Mina valley, Mount Arafat), as well as a picture of the Ibn Abbas Mosque in Taif. Snouck Hurgronje decided to publish an annex to his first photographic portfolio after receiving a letter with new photographs from his doctor in Mecca, whom he taught the art of photography. The photographs had descriptions in Arabic and were signed “Photography by al-Sayyid ʻAbd al-Ghaffar, doctor in Mecca”. Al-Sayyid ʻAbd al-Ghaffar (active in 1880s) was an Indian physician as a renowned Meccan photographer can be found in the “Journal de Voyages” (1895) by French author Gustave Regelsperger (1856 – 1940) and most importantly in the account published in 1895 “The Guide to the Hajj” by the Egyptian army engineer Muhammad Sadiq Bey (1832 – 1902), who took the first photographs of Medina in 1861 and Mecca between 1880 and 1881 and whose photographs were included in Snouck’s “Pictorial Atlas of Mecca”. In his account, the Egyptian military engineer describes ʻAbd al-Ghaffar Efendi as a famous Indian doctor and photographer. Most of the scholars agree that the photographs reproduced in this portfolio were taken by al-Sayyid ʻAbd al-Ghaffar and that Snouck, both for aesthetic and scientific reasons, erased the name of the person who had taken the pictures as well as the pictures’ titles and headings. Title and date from item. Prints are mounted on 18 sheets loose in original red gilt cloth portfolio as issued, complete with the oft-lacking half-title, list of plates, title and preface. Main Heritage Compact General HC.HP.2017.0273 2-D Graphic Item-ID: i24545612 BIB-ID: 2622576 C.E.S. Gavin with F.H.S. Allen, Mecca: The First Photographs (Cambridge, MA, 1981); William Facey with Gillian Grant, Saudi Arabia by the first photographers (London: Stacey International, 1996); Badr El-Hage, “The First Non-Arab Photographers of the Hijaz”, Saudi Arabia: Caught in Time 1861-1939 (Reading: Garnet Publishing Ltd., 1997); Claude W. Sui, “Travel to the Holy Land and Photography in the Nineteenth Century”, To the Holy Lands: pilgrimage centres from Mecca and Medina to Jerusalem; photographs of the 19th century from the collections of the Reiss-Engelhorn Museums, Mannheim (Munich; Berlin; London; New York: Prestel, 2008); Durkje van der Wal, Christiaan Snouck Hurgronje: The First Western Photographer in Mecca 1884-1885 (Amsterdam: Manfred & Hanna Heiting Fund, Rijksmuseum, 2011). See also Anna Canby Monk "From the Individual to the Archetypal: Abd al-Ghaffārs Edited Photographic Portraits" Show less
The photograph was taken the Meccan doctor and photographer al-Sayyid ʻAbd al-Ghaffar (active in 1880s) between 1886 and 1889. Title from caption... Show moreThe photograph was taken the Meccan doctor and photographer al-Sayyid ʻAbd al-Ghaffar (active in 1880s) between 1886 and 1889. Title from caption list in portfolio. Date from item. Plate no. 6 in Bilder aus Mekka (Leiden : E. J. Brill, 1889). The plate is numbered (V). The negative has handwork applied. Main Heritage Display General HC.HP.2017.0273-0006 2-D Graphic Item-ID: i26533509 BIB-ID: 2831980 Show less
The photograph was taken the Meccan doctor and photographer al-Sayyid ʻAbd al-Ghaffar (active in 1880s) between 1886 and 1889. Title from caption... Show moreThe photograph was taken the Meccan doctor and photographer al-Sayyid ʻAbd al-Ghaffar (active in 1880s) between 1886 and 1889. Title from caption list in original portfolio. Date from original item. Plate no. 6 in Bilder aus Mekka (Leiden : E. J. Brill, 1889). The plate is numbered (V). The negative has handwork applied. The print has manuscript annotations in Arabic “مكة المكرمة”. The print has stamped above the image "N.B.P[?]. Graafland Ned.[erlands] Handel [illegible] Soerabaja", probably related to some library, archive or private collection in Surabaya, capital of the Dutch East Indies from the 18th century until the mid-20th century. Main Heritage Compact General HC.HP.11014-0004 2-D Graphic Item-ID: i26540782 BIB-ID: 2832163 Show less
FamilyMuḥammad , -632, Muslim pilgrims and prilgrimages, Muslim pilgrims and prilgrimages--Mecca (Saudi Arabia), Tombs & sepulchral monuments, Tombs & sepulchral monuments--Mecca (Saudi Arabia), Tents, Camps
Photograph showing the tents of pilgrims during the Hajj around the tomb of "Sittana" (Our Lady) Maymunah, one of the wives of the Prophet Muḥammad... Show morePhotograph showing the tents of pilgrims during the Hajj around the tomb of "Sittana" (Our Lady) Maymunah, one of the wives of the Prophet Muḥammad, on the outskirts of Mecca.The photograph was taken the Meccan doctor and photographer al-Sayyid ʻAbd al-Ghaffar (active in 1880s) between 1886 and 1889. Title from caption list in original portfolio. Date from original item. Plate no. 8 in Bilder aus Mekka (Leiden : E. J. Brill, 1889). The plate is numbered (VIII). Erased Arabic description in the upper and lower part of the print. The negative had handwork applied. Manuscript annotation under the image "عرفات". Main Heritage Display General HC.HP.11014-0005 2-D Graphic Item-ID: i23414091 BIB-ID: 2501845 Show less
FamilyMuḥammad , -632, Muslim pilgrims and prilgrimages, Muslim pilgrims and prilgrimages--Mecca (Saudi Arabia), Tombs & sepulchral monuments, Tombs & sepulchral monuments--Mecca (Saudi Arabia), Tents, Camps
Photographs showing the tents of pilgrims during the Hajj and the tomb of "Sittana" (Our Lady) Maymunah, one of the wives of the Prophet Muḥammad,... Show morePhotographs showing the tents of pilgrims during the Hajj and the tomb of "Sittana" (Our Lady) Maymunah, one of the wives of the Prophet Muḥammad, on the outskirts of Mecca.The photographs were taken the Meccan doctor and photographer al-Sayyid ʻAbd al-Ghaffar (active in 1880s) between 1886 and 1889. Title from caption list in original portfolio. Date from original item. Plates no. 9a nd 9b in Bilder aus Mekka (Leiden : E. J. Brill, 1889). Photographs are numbered (IXa and IXb). The negatives had handwork applied. Manuscript annotations in Arabic above and under the prints "ساحة حدود المشعر قرب مسجد سيتنا ميمونة"; the words "منى" and "مزدلفة" are erased. Main Heritage Compact General HC.HP.11014-0006 2-D Graphic Item-ID: i26540794 BIB-ID: 2832167 Show less
Muslim pilgrims and prilgrimages, Muslim pilgrims and prilgrimages--Saudi Arabia, Tents, Camps, Mosques
Photograph showing pilgrims with tents, camels, and livestock gathered at Muzdalifah Mecca during the Hajj. A mosque - possibly the Masjid Mashar... Show morePhotograph showing pilgrims with tents, camels, and livestock gathered at Muzdalifah Mecca during the Hajj. A mosque - possibly the Masjid Mashar al-Haram - is in the background. The photograph was taken the Meccan doctor and photographer al-Sayyid ʻAbd al-Ghaffar (active in 1880s) between 1886 and 1889. Title from caption list in original portfolio. Date from original item. Plate no. 12 in Bilder aus Mekka (Leiden : E. J. Brill, 1889). The plate is numbered (XII). The negative had handwork applied. Manuscript annotations in Arabic under the print "مزدلفة". Main Heritage Compact General HC.HP.11014-0007 2-D Graphic Item-ID: i26542432 BIB-ID: 2832253 Show less
Muslim pilgrims and prilgrimages, Muslim pilgrims and prilgrimages--ʻArafāt (Saudi Arabia) , Tents, Camps
Photograph showing pilgrims with tents, camels, and livestock gathered at the rest station of Arafat during the Hajj. The photograph was taken the... Show morePhotograph showing pilgrims with tents, camels, and livestock gathered at the rest station of Arafat during the Hajj. The photograph was taken the Meccan doctor and photographer al-Sayyid ʻAbd al-Ghaffar (active in 1880s) between 1886 and 1889. Title from caption list in original portfolio. Date from original item. Plate no. 14 in Bilder aus Mekka (Leiden : E. J. Brill, 1889). The plate is numbered (XIV). Erased Arabic description and signature “Photography by al-Sayyid ʻAbd al-Ghaffar, doctor in Mecca” in the upper and lower part of the print. The negative has handwork applied. Manuscript annotation in Arabic under the print "عَرَفَات" Main Heritage Compact General HC.HP.11014-0008 2-D Graphic Item-ID: i26542456 BIB-ID: 2832255 Show less
Muslim pilgrims and prilgrimages, Muslim pilgrims and prilgrimages--ʻArafāt (Saudi Arabia) , Tents, Camps
Photograph showing pilgrims with tents, camels, and livestock gathered at the rest station of Arafat during the Hajj. The photograph was taken the... Show morePhotograph showing pilgrims with tents, camels, and livestock gathered at the rest station of Arafat during the Hajj. The photograph was taken the Meccan doctor and photographer al-Sayyid ʻAbd al-Ghaffar (active in 1880s) between 1886 and 1889. Title from caption list in original portfolio. Date from original item. Plate no. 15 in Bilder aus Mekka (Leiden : E. J. Brill, 1889). The plate is numbered (XV). Erased Arabic description and signature “Photography by al-Sayyid ʻAbd al-Ghaffar, doctor in Mecca” in the upper and lower part of the print. The negative has handwork applied. Manuscript annotation in Arabic under the print "عَرَفَات" Main Heritage Compact General HC.HP.11014-0009 2-D Graphic Item-ID: i2654247x BIB-ID: 2832256 Show less
FamilyMuḥammad , -632, Muslim pilgrims and prilgrimages, Muslim pilgrims and prilgrimages--Mecca (Saudi Arabia), Tombs & sepulchral monuments, Tombs & sepulchral monuments--Mecca (Saudi Arabia), Tents, Camps
Photograph showing the tents of pilgrims during the Hajj around the tomb of "Sittana" (Our Lady) Maymunah, one of the wives of the Prophet Muhammad... Show morePhotograph showing the tents of pilgrims during the Hajj around the tomb of "Sittana" (Our Lady) Maymunah, one of the wives of the Prophet Muhammad, on the outskirts of Mecca. The photograph was taken the Meccan doctor and photographer al-Sayyid ʻAbd al-Ghaffar (active in 1880s) between 1886 and 1889. Title from caption list in portfolio. Date from item. Plate no. 7 in Bilder aus Mekka (Leiden : E. J. Brill, 1889). The plate is numbered (VII). The caption in the portfolio list continues: "(vergl. für die Beschreibung des Festes der Sittanā Mèjmūnah, Mekka, Bd. II, S. 52 ff)" (see the description of the festival of Sittana Maymunah, Mekka, Vol. II, page 52 et seq.). Main Heritage Display General HC.HP.2017.0273-0007 2-D Graphic Item-ID: i26533595 BIB-ID: 2831984 Show less
FamilyMuḥammad , -632, Muslim pilgrims and prilgrimages, Muslim pilgrims and prilgrimages--Mecca (Saudi Arabia), Tombs & sepulchral monuments, Tombs & sepulchral monuments--Mecca (Saudi Arabia), Tents, Camps
Photograph showing the tents of pilgrims during the Hajj around the tomb of "Sittana" (Our Lady) Maymunah, one of the wives of the Prophet Muḥammad... Show morePhotograph showing the tents of pilgrims during the Hajj around the tomb of "Sittana" (Our Lady) Maymunah, one of the wives of the Prophet Muḥammad, on the outskirts of Mecca.The photograph was taken the Meccan doctor and photographer al-Sayyid ʻAbd al-Ghaffar (active in 1880s) between 1886 and 1889. Title from caption list in portfolio. Date from item. Plate no. 8 in Bilder aus Mekka (Leiden : E. J. Brill, 1889). The plate is numbered (VIII). Erased Arabic description in the upper and lower part of the print. The negative had handwork applied. Main Heritage Compact General HC.HP.2017.0273-0008 2-D Graphic Item-ID: i26533716 BIB-ID: 2831995 Show less
FamilyMuḥammad , -632, Muslim pilgrims and prilgrimages, Muslim pilgrims and prilgrimages--Mecca (Saudi Arabia), Tombs & sepulchral monuments, Tombs & sepulchral monuments--Mecca (Saudi Arabia), Tents, Camps
Photographs showing the tents of pilgrims during the Hajj and the tomb of "Sittana" (Our Lady) Maymunah, one of the wives of the Prophet Muḥammad,... Show morePhotographs showing the tents of pilgrims during the Hajj and the tomb of "Sittana" (Our Lady) Maymunah, one of the wives of the Prophet Muḥammad, on the outskirts of Mecca.The photographs were taken the Meccan doctor and photographer al-Sayyid ʻAbd al-Ghaffar (active in 1880s) between 1886 and 1889. Title from caption list in portfolio. Date from item. Plates no. 9a nd 9b in Bilder aus Mekka (Leiden : E. J. Brill, 1889). Photographs are numbered (IXa and IXb). The negatives had handwork applied. Main Heritage Compact General HC.HP.2017.0273-0009 2-D Graphic Item-ID: i26533789 BIB-ID: 2831996 Show less
