Public relationsChemins de fer algériens de l'État, Public relationsOffice Algérien d'Action Économique et Touristique, Tourism, Tourism--Algeria--20th Century, Railroad companies, Railroad companies--Algeria, Ouled Naïl, Muslim women
Travel poster published by and for the General Government of Algeria, in particular for the Algerian Tourism and Economy Action Office (OFALAC).... Show moreTravel poster published by and for the General Government of Algeria, in particular for the Algerian Tourism and Economy Action Office (OFALAC). The poster shows a photograph of a dancing Ouled Naïl and advertises Bou Saada and Algeria as a tourist destination. Title from item, date devised by Library staff. Text continues: "Gouvernement général de l'Algérie. Office algérien d'action économique et touristique". Inscribed under the image "Ektachrome Vaills (OFALAC)". On the bottom right the monogram of the Algerian Railways Company, the Chemins de Fer Algériens (CFA). Main Heritage Compact General HC.GM.P.2019.0040 2-D Graphic Item-ID: i26194107 BIB-ID: 2798641 Show less
Public relationsAlitalia (Airline), Tourism, Tourism--Iraq--20th Century, Airlines, Airlines--Italian--20th Century, Muslim women, Mosques, Women veils
Travel poster issued by the Italian airline company Alitalia advertising Baghdad as a tourist destination. The poster shows the graphic view of a... Show moreTravel poster issued by the Italian airline company Alitalia advertising Baghdad as a tourist destination. The poster shows the graphic view of a plane flying over a large mosque complex and a bust-portrait of a veiled woman. The poster is divided into two sections through a diagonal line which is marked by the veil of the woman. Title from item, date devised by Library Staff. Main Heritage Compact General HC.GM.P.2019.0025 2-D Graphic Item-ID: i25950460 BIB-ID: 2758867 Show less
Muslim pilgrims and pilgrimages, Muslim pilgrims and pilgrimages--Portraits, Beggars, Dervishes, Musical instruments, Musical instruments--Bukhoro (Uzbekistan), Percussion instruments, Percussion instruments--Yemen (Arab Republic)
Collection of four full-length seated portraits of Muslim pilgrims and dervishes. The photographs were probably taken by Snouck Hurgronje in Jedda... Show moreCollection of four full-length seated portraits of Muslim pilgrims and dervishes. The photographs were probably taken by Snouck Hurgronje in Jedda between 1884 and 1885. The negatives had handwork applied. In some images the original backgrounds have been substituted completely, whereas in one a courtyard-like space, with foliage and a window, fronted by bars is visible in the background. Title and date from item. Plate no. 22 in Bilder-Atlas zu Mekka (Haag : Martinus Nijhoff, 1888-1889). The plate is numbered (XXII) and titled in German under each image. Main Heritage Display General HC.HP.02074-0022 2-D Graphic Item-ID: i26516998 BIB-ID: 2831609 Show less
Muslim pilgrims and prilgrimages, Muslim pilgrims and prilgrimages--Saudi Arabia--Photographs
“Pictures from Mecca” is the photographic portfolio published in 1889 by the Dutch orientalist Christiaan Snouck Hurgronje, as an annex to the ... Show more“Pictures from Mecca” is the photographic portfolio published in 1889 by the Dutch orientalist Christiaan Snouck Hurgronje, as an annex to the “Pictorial Atlas of Mecca”, the Atlas accompanying the 1888 2-volume publication “Mecca”. In these texts, he reconstructs the history of the Holy City and on the origins of Islam, early traditions and practices, and the first Islamic communities. The second volume, translated into English in 1931 as “Mecca in the Latter Part of the 19th Century”, contains many details of daily life in Islamic culture and deals with the Indonesian Muslim colony at Mecca. While serving as a lecturer at the University of Leiden between 1880 and 1889, Snouck Hurgronje visited Arabia from 1884 to 1885, stopping at Mecca and he was the first Western to take photographs of the Holy City. From 1890 to 1906 Snouck Hurgronje was professor of Arabic at Batavia, Java, and, as a government adviser, he originated and developed the Dutch colonial policy toward Islam. Though Snouck Hurgronje remained a colonial adviser until 1933, he returned in 1906 to the Netherlands, where he was professor of Arabic and Islamic institutions at the University of Leiden until his death. The volume contains 20 collotype prints pasted onto card and includes a panoramic view of the Holy City, images of places related to the hajj (Mina valley, Mount Arafat), as well as a picture of the Ibn Abbas Mosque in Taif. Snouck Hurgronje decided to publish an annex to his first photographic portfolio after receiving a letter with new photographs from his doctor in Mecca, whom he taught the art of photography. The photographs had descriptions in Arabic and were signed “Photography by al-Sayyid ʻAbd al-Ghaffar, doctor in Mecca”. Al-Sayyid ʻAbd al-Ghaffar (active in 1880s) was an Indian physician as a renowned Meccan photographer can be found in the “Journal de Voyages” (1895) by French author Gustave Regelsperger (1856 – 1940) and most importantly in the account published in 1895 “The Guide to the Hajj” by the Egyptian army engineer Muhammad Sadiq Bey (1832 – 1902), who took the first photographs of Medina in 1861 and Mecca between 1880 and 1881 and whose photographs were included in Snouck’s “Pictorial Atlas of Mecca”. In his account, the Egyptian military engineer describes ʻAbd al-Ghaffar Efendi as a famous Indian doctor and photographer. Most of the scholars agree that the photographs reproduced in this portfolio were taken by al-Sayyid ʻAbd al-Ghaffar and that Snouck, both for aesthetic and scientific reasons, erased the name of the person who had taken the pictures as well as the pictures’ titles and headings. Title and date from item. Prints are mounted on 18 sheets loose in original red gilt cloth portfolio as issued, complete with the oft-lacking half-title, list of plates, title and preface. Main Heritage Compact General HC.HP.2017.0273 2-D Graphic Item-ID: i24545612 BIB-ID: 2622576 C.E.S. Gavin with F.H.S. Allen, Mecca: The First Photographs (Cambridge, MA, 1981); William Facey with Gillian Grant, Saudi Arabia by the first photographers (London: Stacey International, 1996); Badr El-Hage, “The First Non-Arab Photographers of the Hijaz”, Saudi Arabia: Caught in Time 1861-1939 (Reading: Garnet Publishing Ltd., 1997); Claude W. Sui, “Travel to the Holy Land and Photography in the Nineteenth Century”, To the Holy Lands: pilgrimage centres from Mecca and Medina to Jerusalem; photographs of the 19th century from the collections of the Reiss-Engelhorn Museums, Mannheim (Munich; Berlin; London; New York: Prestel, 2008); Durkje van der Wal, Christiaan Snouck Hurgronje: The First Western Photographer in Mecca 1884-1885 (Amsterdam: Manfred & Hanna Heiting Fund, Rijksmuseum, 2011). See also Anna Canby Monk "From the Individual to the Archetypal: Abd al-Ghaffārs Edited Photographic Portraits" Show less
Public relationsChemins de fer algériens de l'État, Tourism, Tourism--Algeria--20th Century, Railroad companies, Railroad companies--Algeria, Ouled Naïl, Muslim women
Travel poster issued by the Algerian State Railways "Chemins de fer algériens de l'État" (CFAE). The poster shows an Ouled Naïl and advertises... Show moreTravel poster issued by the Algerian State Railways "Chemins de fer algériens de l'État" (CFAE). The poster shows an Ouled Naïl and advertises Biskra and excursions to the Aures Mountains, the Oued Righ region, Touggour , the M'zab, and Southern Algeria and Tunisia. Title from item, date devised by Library staff. Text continues: "Excursions dans l'Aures et l'Oued Rhir, vers Touggourt le N'Zab et le grand sud et vers le Sud Tunisien".(Excursions to the Aures Mountains and the Oued Righ , to Touggourt, the M'zab, and Southern Algeria and Tunisia). The image of the poster is titled "Une Ouled Naïl" and signed. Main Heritage Compact General HC.GM.P.2019.0180 2-D Graphic Item-ID: i26223557 BIB-ID: 2798421 Show less
Public relationsChemins de fer algériens de l'État, Tourism, Tourism--Algeria--20th Century, Railroad companies, Railroad companies--Algeria, Ouled Naïl, Muslim women
Travel poster issued by the Algerian State Railways "Chemins de fer algériens de l'État" (CFAE). The poster shows an Ouled Naïl and advertises... Show moreTravel poster issued by the Algerian State Railways "Chemins de fer algériens de l'État" (CFAE). The poster shows an Ouled Naïl and advertises Biskra and excursions to the Aures Mountains, the Oued Righ region, Touggour , the M'zab, and Southern Algeria and Tunisia. Title from item, date devised by Library staff. Text continues: "Excursions dans l'Aures et l'Oued Rhir, vers Touggourt le N'Zab et le grand sud et vers le Sud Tunisien".(Excursions to the Aures Mountains and the Oued Righ , to Touggourt, the M'zab, and Southern Algeria and Tunisia). The image of the poster is titled "Une Ouled Naïl" and signed. Main Heritage Compact General HC.GM.P.2019.0036 2-D Graphic Item-ID: i2619210x BIB-ID: 2798421 Show less
FamilyMuḥammad , -632, Muslim pilgrims and prilgrimages, Muslim pilgrims and prilgrimages--Mecca (Saudi Arabia), Tombs & sepulchral monuments, Tombs & sepulchral monuments--Mecca (Saudi Arabia), Tents, Camps
Photograph showing the tents of pilgrims during the Hajj around the tomb of "Sittana" (Our Lady) Maymunah, one of the wives of the Prophet Muhammad... Show morePhotograph showing the tents of pilgrims during the Hajj around the tomb of "Sittana" (Our Lady) Maymunah, one of the wives of the Prophet Muhammad, on the outskirts of Mecca. The photograph was taken the Meccan doctor and photographer al-Sayyid ʻAbd al-Ghaffar (active in 1880s) between 1886 and 1889. Title from caption list in portfolio. Date from item. Plate no. 7 in Bilder aus Mekka (Leiden : E. J. Brill, 1889). The plate is numbered (VII). The caption in the portfolio list continues: "(vergl. für die Beschreibung des Festes der Sittanā Mèjmūnah, Mekka, Bd. II, S. 52 ff)" (see the description of the festival of Sittana Maymunah, Mekka, Vol. II, page 52 et seq.). Main Heritage Display General HC.HP.2017.0273-0007 2-D Graphic Item-ID: i26533595 BIB-ID: 2831984 Show less
Muslim pilgrims and prilgrimages, Muslim pilgrims and prilgrimages--ʻArafāt (Saudi Arabia) , Tents, Camps
Photograph showing pilgrims with tents, camels, and livestock gathered at the rest station of Arafat during the Hajj. The photograph was taken the... Show morePhotograph showing pilgrims with tents, camels, and livestock gathered at the rest station of Arafat during the Hajj. The photograph was taken the Meccan doctor and photographer al-Sayyid ʻAbd al-Ghaffar (active in 1880s) between 1886 and 1889. Title from caption list in portfolio. Date from item. Plate no. 13 in Bilder aus Mekka (Leiden : E. J. Brill, 1889). The plate is numbered (XIII). Erased Arabic description "Mount Arafat" and signature “Photography by al-Sayyid ʻAbd al-Ghaffar, doctor in Mecca” in the upper and lower part of the print. The negative has handwork applied. Main Heritage Compact General HC.HP.2017.0273-0013 2-D Graphic Item-ID: i26534071 BIB-ID: 2832007 Show less
Masjid al-Ḥarām, Kaʻbah (Mecca, Saudi Arabia), Muslim pilgrims and pilgrimages, Architecture, Ottoman, Architecture, Ottoman--Mecca (Saudi Arabia)
Street view outside the Hamidiya, a government building constructed by Othman Pasha, General Governor of Hejaz (r. 1882-1886). The subject of this... Show moreStreet view outside the Hamidiya, a government building constructed by Othman Pasha, General Governor of Hejaz (r. 1882-1886). The subject of this photograph is probably the same building identified in the drawing of a view inside the Masjid al-Haram (plate no. 2) as ‘front-side of the Hamidiya Palace’, indicating that the building – and therefore the viewpoint in this photograph – was probably situated south of the Mosque. The photograph was likely taken by the Meccan doctor and photographer al-Sayyid ʻAbd al-Ghaffar (active in 1880s) between 1886 and 1887. Title and date from item. Plate no. 4 in Bilder-Atlas zu Mekka (Haag : Martinus Nijhoff, 1888-1889). The plate is numbered (IV) and titled in German under the print. Main Heritage Compact General HC.HP.02074-0004 2-D Graphic Item-ID: i26503141 BIB-ID: 2831247 Show less
Masjid al-Ḥarām, Fortifications, Muslim pilgrims and pilgrimages
Southwest view inside the Masjid al-Haram of the Kaaba and surrounding structures. The print is likely to have been drawn after a photograph of the... Show moreSouthwest view inside the Masjid al-Haram of the Kaaba and surrounding structures. The print is likely to have been drawn after a photograph of the same view by the Meccan doctor and photographer al-Sayyid ʻAbd al-Ghaffar (active in 1880s) between 1886 and 1887. Mentioned in the image are the Bani Shaybah Gate, the Hijr-Ismail, the building housing the Zamzam well, the stairs of the Kaaba, the Maqam Ibrahim (which is also called the Maqam Shaf'i), the Minbar, the Maqam Hanafi, the Maqam Malik and Maqam Hanbali. Outside the Masjid al-Haram, the front-side of the Hamidiya Palace and the Ajyad Fortress are indicated. Title and date from item. Plate no. 2 in Bilder-Atlas zu Mekka (Haag : Martinus Nijhoff, 1888-1889). The plate is numbered (II) and has printed annotations in German beneath the image (1. Das Thor der Benī Schēbah. 2. Das H̱idjr. 3. Gebäudes Zemzembrunnens. 4 und 5. Treppen zur Ka’bah. 6. Maqām Ibrāhīm (zugleich Maqām ès-Schāfi’ī). 7. Mimbar (Kanzel) 8. Maqām èl-H̱anafī. 9. Maqām èl-Mālikī. 10. Maqām èl-H̱ambalī. 11. Vorderseite der H̱amīdijjah. 12. Die Festung des Djijād.’). Numbers printed within the image refer to locations indicated in a key (in German) below the image. Main Heritage Compact General HC.HP.02074-0002 2-D Graphic Item-ID: i26503128 BIB-ID: 2831240 Show less
Masjid al-Ḥarām, Fortifications, Muslim pilgrims and pilgrimages
Panoramic view over Mecca showing most of the Masjid al-Haram and the northwest portion of the city. The print is likely to have been drawn after a... Show morePanoramic view over Mecca showing most of the Masjid al-Haram and the northwest portion of the city. The print is likely to have been drawn after a photograph - or a series of photographs - of the same view taken by the Meccan doctor and photographer al-Sayyid ʻAbd al-Ghaffar (active in 1880s) between 1886 and 1887. Mentioned in the image are the office of the Qadi, the fortress on Jabal Hindi (or Quaiqian Mountain), the building housing the Zamzam well, the Minbar, the Maqam Hanafi, the Maqam Malik and Maqam Hanbali. An additional note states that the steps to the Kaaba and the Maqam Ibrahim, which is also the Maqam Shaf'i, are obscured from view by the Zamzam building. Title and date from item. Plate no. 1 in Bilder-Atlas zu Mekka (Haag : Martinus Nijhoff, 1888-1889). The image is printed onto 2 pages. The plate is numbered (I) and has printed annotations in German beneath the image (Die Moschee und der nordwestliche Theil der Stadt.’ ‘1. Amt des Qādhī’s. 2. Festung auf dem Djèbèl Hindī. 3. Gebäude des Zemzembrunnens. 7. Mimbar (Kanzel). 8. Maqām èl-H̱anafī. 9. Maqām èl-Mālikī. 10. Maqām èl-H̱ambalī. Die Treppen zur Ka’bah und der Maqām Ibrāhīm (zugleich Maqām ès-Schāfi’ī) sind hier durch das Zemzemgebäude dem Auge entzogen.’). Numbers printed within the image refer to locations indicated in a key (in German) below the image. Main Heritage Compact General HC.HP.02074-0001 2-D Graphic Item-ID: i26500899 BIB-ID: 2831138 Show less
Muslim pilgrims and prilgrimages, Muslim pilgrims and prilgrimages--Saudi Arabia, Tents, Camps, Mosques
Photograph showing pilgrims with tents, camels, and livestock gathered at Muzdalifah Mecca during the Hajj. A mosque - possibly the Masjid Mashar... Show morePhotograph showing pilgrims with tents, camels, and livestock gathered at Muzdalifah Mecca during the Hajj. A mosque - possibly the Masjid Mashar al-Haram - is in the background. The photograph was taken the Meccan doctor and photographer al-Sayyid ʻAbd al-Ghaffar (active in 1880s) between 1886 and 1889. Title from caption list in original portfolio. Date from original item. Plate no. 12 in Bilder aus Mekka (Leiden : E. J. Brill, 1889). The plate is numbered (XII). The negative had handwork applied. Manuscript annotations in Arabic under the print "مزدلفة". Main Heritage Compact General HC.HP.11014-0007 2-D Graphic Item-ID: i26542432 BIB-ID: 2832253 Show less
Muslim pilgrims and prilgrimages, Muslim pilgrims and prilgrimages--Saudi Arabia, Tents, Camps, Mosques
Photograph showing pilgrims with tents, camels, and livestock gathered at Muzdalifah Mecca during the Hajj. A mosque - possibly the Masjid Mashar... Show morePhotograph showing pilgrims with tents, camels, and livestock gathered at Muzdalifah Mecca during the Hajj. A mosque - possibly the Masjid Mashar al-Haram - is in the background. The photograph was taken the Meccan doctor and photographer al-Sayyid ʻAbd al-Ghaffar (active in 1880s) between 1886 and 1889. Title from caption list in portfolio. Date from item. Plate no. 12 in Bilder aus Mekka (Leiden : E. J. Brill, 1889). The plate is numbered (XII). The negative had handwork applied. Main Heritage Display General HC.HP.2017.0273-0012 2-D Graphic Item-ID: i26534010 BIB-ID: 2832003 Show less
FamilyMuḥammad , -632, Muslim pilgrims and prilgrimages, Muslim pilgrims and prilgrimages--Mecca (Saudi Arabia), Tombs & sepulchral monuments, Tombs & sepulchral monuments--Mecca (Saudi Arabia), Tents, Camps
Photographs showing the tents of pilgrims during the Hajj and the tomb of "Sittana" (Our Lady) Maymunah, one of the wives of the Prophet Muḥammad,... Show morePhotographs showing the tents of pilgrims during the Hajj and the tomb of "Sittana" (Our Lady) Maymunah, one of the wives of the Prophet Muḥammad, on the outskirts of Mecca.The photographs were taken the Meccan doctor and photographer al-Sayyid ʻAbd al-Ghaffar (active in 1880s) between 1886 and 1889. Title from caption list in original portfolio. Date from original item. Plates no. 9a nd 9b in Bilder aus Mekka (Leiden : E. J. Brill, 1889). Photographs are numbered (IXa and IXb). The negatives had handwork applied. Manuscript annotations in Arabic above and under the prints "ساحة حدود المشعر قرب مسجد سيتنا ميمونة"; the words "منى" and "مزدلفة" are erased. Main Heritage Compact General HC.HP.11014-0006 2-D Graphic Item-ID: i26540794 BIB-ID: 2832167 Show less
FamilyMuḥammad , -632, Muslim pilgrims and prilgrimages, Muslim pilgrims and prilgrimages--Mecca (Saudi Arabia), Tombs & sepulchral monuments, Tombs & sepulchral monuments--Mecca (Saudi Arabia), Tents, Camps
Photographs showing the tents of pilgrims during the Hajj and the tomb of "Sittana" (Our Lady) Maymunah, one of the wives of the Prophet Muḥammad,... Show morePhotographs showing the tents of pilgrims during the Hajj and the tomb of "Sittana" (Our Lady) Maymunah, one of the wives of the Prophet Muḥammad, on the outskirts of Mecca.The photographs were taken the Meccan doctor and photographer al-Sayyid ʻAbd al-Ghaffar (active in 1880s) between 1886 and 1889. Title from caption list in portfolio. Date from item. Plates no. 9a nd 9b in Bilder aus Mekka (Leiden : E. J. Brill, 1889). Photographs are numbered (IXa and IXb). The negatives had handwork applied. Main Heritage Compact General HC.HP.2017.0273-0009 2-D Graphic Item-ID: i26533789 BIB-ID: 2831996 Show less
Muslim pilgrims and pilgrimages, Muslim pilgrims and pilgrimages--Mecca (Saudi Arabia), Kaʻbah (Mecca, Saudi Arabia), Kiswah, Islamic calligraphy, Islamic embroidery
Title and date from item. Plate no. 17 in Bilder-Atlas zu Mekka (Haag : Martinus Nijhoff, 1888-1889). The plate is numbered (XVII) and titled in... Show moreTitle and date from item. Plate no. 17 in Bilder-Atlas zu Mekka (Haag : Martinus Nijhoff, 1888-1889). The plate is numbered (XVII) and titled in German under the image. Main Heritage Compact General HC.HP.02074-0017 2-D Graphic Item-ID: i26515428 BIB-ID: 2831558 Show less
Muslim pilgrims and pilgrimages, Muslim pilgrims and pilgrimages--Indonesia--Portraits, Malays (Asian people), Muslim religious leaders
Collection of four full-length seated portraits of Muslim pilgrims from Sumatra and of sheikhs for Malay pilgrims. The photographs were probably... Show moreCollection of four full-length seated portraits of Muslim pilgrims from Sumatra and of sheikhs for Malay pilgrims. The photographs were probably taken by Snouck Hurgronje in Jeddha between 1884 and 1885. The negatives had handwork applied and the original backgrounds have been substituted completely. Title and date from item. Plate no. 23 in Bilder-Atlas zu Mekka (Haag : Martinus Nijhoff, 1888-1889). The plate is numbered (XXIII) and titled in German under each image. Main Heritage Display General HC.HP.02074-0023 2-D Graphic Item-ID: i26517176 BIB-ID: 2831616 Show less
Kaʻbah (Mecca, Saudi Arabia), Tourism, Tourism--Tunisia--20th Century, Muslim pilgrims and pilgrimages, Muslim pilgrims and pilgrimages--Saudi Arabia--Meccaز, Salat, Mosques, Mosques--Saudi Arabia--Mecca, Prayer--Islam
Vintage poster depictiging the Kaaba in Mecca and pilgrims performing the Tawaf (circumambulating). In the foreground a group of men, one of which... Show moreVintage poster depictiging the Kaaba in Mecca and pilgrims performing the Tawaf (circumambulating). In the foreground a group of men, one of which is looking into the viewer. The original painting is likely to be the work of the German painter Rudolf Hellgrewe (1860 – 1935). The illustration and the poster are related to the Middle East section of the book by Dr Alwin Wünsche (1866-1933) "Land und Leben. Geographische Wandbilder in künstlerischer Ausführung". Title from item, date devised by Library staff. The poster is inscribed "Dr. A. Wünsche: Land und Leben Reihe VI: Nach Osten N.o 24" (Dr. A. Wünsche: Land and Life Series VI: Middle East N. 4). Main Heritage Compact General HC.GM.P.2019.0178 2-D Graphic Item-ID: i26223508 BIB-ID: 2802590 Show less
Muslim pilgrims and prilgrimages, Muslim pilgrims and prilgrimages--ʻArafāt (Saudi Arabia) , Tents, Camps
Photograph showing pilgrims with tents, camels, and livestock gathered at the rest station of Arafat during the Hajj. The photograph was taken the... Show morePhotograph showing pilgrims with tents, camels, and livestock gathered at the rest station of Arafat during the Hajj. The photograph was taken the Meccan doctor and photographer al-Sayyid ʻAbd al-Ghaffar (active in 1880s) between 1886 and 1889. Title from caption list in portfolio. Date from item. Plate no. 14 in Bilder aus Mekka (Leiden : E. J. Brill, 1889). The plate is numbered (XIV). Erased Arabic description and signature “Photography by al-Sayyid ʻAbd al-Ghaffar, doctor in Mecca” in the upper and lower part of the print. The negative has handwork applied. Main Heritage Compact General HC.HP.2017.0273-0014 2-D Graphic Item-ID: i26534101 BIB-ID: 2832011 Show less
Muslim pilgrims and prilgrimages, Muslim pilgrims and prilgrimages--ʻArafāt (Saudi Arabia) , Tents, Camps
Photograph showing pilgrims with tents, camels, and livestock gathered at the rest station of Arafat during the Hajj. The photograph was taken the... Show morePhotograph showing pilgrims with tents, camels, and livestock gathered at the rest station of Arafat during the Hajj. The photograph was taken the Meccan doctor and photographer al-Sayyid ʻAbd al-Ghaffar (active in 1880s) between 1886 and 1889. Title from caption list in original portfolio. Date from original item. Plate no. 14 in Bilder aus Mekka (Leiden : E. J. Brill, 1889). The plate is numbered (XIV). Erased Arabic description and signature “Photography by al-Sayyid ʻAbd al-Ghaffar, doctor in Mecca” in the upper and lower part of the print. The negative has handwork applied. Manuscript annotation in Arabic under the print "عَرَفَات" Main Heritage Compact General HC.HP.11014-0008 2-D Graphic Item-ID: i26542456 BIB-ID: 2832255 Show less